- Gagal nafas adalah ketidakmampuan sistem pernafasan untuk mempertahankan oksigenasi darah normal (PaO2), eliminasi karbon dioksida (PaCO2) dan pH yang adekuat disebabkanoleh masalah ventilasi difusi atau perfusi (Susan Martin T, 1997)
Asuhan Keperawatan Pada Pasien Dengan Gagal Nafas
I. PENGERTIAN
Askep Pada Kebutuhan Rasa Nyaman Nyeri
Definisi Nyeri
Nyeri adalah apapun yang menyakitkan tubuh yang dikatakan individu yang mengalaminya,yang ada kapanpun individu mengatakannya.
Pengkajian
Nyeri adalah apapun yang menyakitkan tubuh yang dikatakan individu yang mengalaminya,yang ada kapanpun individu mengatakannya.
Pengkajian
Tentang Diare

Menurut Haroen N, S. Suraatmaja dan P.O Asdil (1998), diare adalah defekasi encer lebih dari 3 kali sehari dengan atau tanpa darah atau lendir dalam tinja. Sedangkan menurut C.L Betz & L.A Sowden (1996) diare merupakan suatu keadaan terjadinya inflamasi mukosa lambung atau usus.
Menurut Suradi & Rita (2001), diare diartikan sebagai suatu keadaan dimana terjadinya kehilangan cairan dan elektrolit secara berlebihan yang terjadi karena frekuensi buang air besar satu kali atau lebih dengan bentuk encer atau cair.
Pengertian Keluarga

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV Management)

The history of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dates back to 1981, when homosexual men with symptoms of a disease that now are considered typical of AIDS were first described in Los Angeles and New York. The men had an unusual type of lung infection (pneumonia) called Pneumocystis carinii (now known as Pneumocystis jiroveci) pneumonia (PCP) and rare skin tumors called Kaposi's sarcomas. The patients were noted to have a severe reduction in a type of cell in the blood (CD4 cells) that is an important part of the immune system. These cells, often referred to as T cells, help the body fight infections. Shortly thereafter, this disease was recognized throughout the United States, Western Europe, and Africa. In 1983, researchers in the United States and France described the virus that causes AIDS, now known as HIV, belonging to the group of viruses called retroviruses. While HIV infection is required to develop AIDS, the actual definition of AIDS is the development of a low CD4 cell count (<200 cells/mm3) or any one of a long list of complications of HIV infection ranging from a variety of so-called "opportunistic infections," cancers, neurologic symptoms, and wasting syndromes.
Coldplay - The Scientist
Bruno Mars - Just The Ways You Are
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